Recommendations for genetic testing of inherited eye diseases: report of the American Academy of Ophthalmology task force on genetic testing.

Genetic testing can make a very positive impact on individuals and families affected with inherited eye disease in a number of ways. When properly performed, interpreted, and acted on, genetic tests can improve the accuracy of diagnoses and prognoses, can improve the accuracy of genetic counseling, can reduce the risk of disease occurrence or recurrence in families at risk, and can facilitate the development and delivery of mechanism-specific care. However, like all medical interventions, genetic testing has some specific risks that vary from patient to patient. For example, the results of a genetic test can affect a patient's plans to have children, can create a sense of anxiety or guilt, and can even perturb a patient's relationships with other family members. For these reasons, skilled counseling should be provided to all individuals who undergo genetic testing to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks associated with each test.